Imagine trying to understand the inner workings of a complex biological system, where the smallest particles, such as free radicals or metal ions, play a crucial role. These particles, though invisible to most traditional methods, hold the key to understanding processes like metabolism, oxidative stress, and cellular communication. This is where Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) Spectroscopy c...
Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) has revolutionized the way scientists and researchers visualize materials at the micro and nanoscale. In the academic and research landscapes of Africa, SEM serves as a bridge between theoretical studies and real-world applications—from materials science and biology to nanotechnology and environmental research. This guide provides an in-depth look at SEM te...